Frederick Shepherd Converse (1871-1940) The Mystic Trumpeter Flivver Ten Million Endymion's Narrative Frederick Shepherd Converse was born on 5th January...
Frederick Shepherd Converse (1871-1940)
The Mystic Trumpeter
Flivver Ten Million
Endymion's Narrative
Frederick Shepherd
Converse was born on 5th January 1871 at Newton, MA, and died on 8th June 1940
at Westwood, MA. The youngest of seven children, he began lessons on the piano
at the age of ten. His unusual talent was spotted very early on, in particular
a gift for composition. In turn, he pursued advanced musical studies at
Harvard, from which he graduated summa cum
laude. He then tried his hand in business, although it was not long
before his passion for music reforged the course of his life. Converse began
serious study in composition with George W Chadwick in Boston and followed with
work under Joseph Rheinberger in Munich. In a relatively short time, his music
began to attract considerable attention. In fact Converse's The Pipe of Desire of 1905 became the
first American opera ever to be performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New
York. Today he is best known for a small but hearty collection of orchestral
tone poems, three of which are featured on this recording.
About The Mystic Trumpeter of 1904, Converse
related that he recast Whitman's Leaves of
Grass into five contrasting sections, omitting the fourth stanza. As
a tone poem the music follows the new literary scheme in a sequence of five
musical events without pause The following has been excerpted from the poem:
1) Mystery and
Peace (Moderato molto e tranquillo): Hark,
some wild trumpeter; some strange musician, hovering unseen in ail; vibrates capricious
tunes to-night I hear thee trumpeter, listening alert I catch thy notes, now
pouring, whirling like a tempest round me....thou freest, launchest me, floating
and basking upon heaven's lake.
2) Love (Poco più
moto, arnoroso): Blow again trumpeter! And
for thy theme, take now the enclosing theme of all, the solvent and the setting
- Love, that is pulse of all, the sustenance and the pang, the heart of man and
woman all for love, no other theme but love - knitting, enclosing,
all-diffusing love.
3) War and Struggle
(Allegro con molto fuoco): Blow again
trumpeter - conjure war's alarums Swift to thy spell a shuddering hum like
distant thunder rolls - Lo, where the arm 'd men hasten -Lo, mid the clouds of
dust the glint of bayonets, I see the grime-faced cannoneers, I mark the rosy
flash amid the smoke, I hear the cracking of the guns;
4) Humiliation
(Adagio lamentoso): O trumpeter, methinks I
am myself the instrument thou playest, thou melt'st my heart, my brain - thou
movest, drawest, changest them at will; And now thy sullen notes send darkness
through me...I feel the measureless shame and humiliation of my race...Utter
defeat upon me weighs...Yet 'mid the ruins Pride colossal stands unshaken...
resolution to the last.
5) Joy (Poco
largamente, Grazioso, Allegro molto): Now
trumpeter for thy close, vouchsafe a higher strain than any yet, sing to my
soul, renew its languishing faith and hope, rouse up my slow belief, give me
some vision of the future, give me for once its prophecy and joy...O glad,
exulting, culminating song!... Joy! joy! all over joy!
Flivver Ten Million was inspired in
part by the success of another graphic in sound, Pacific 231, by Arthur Honegger, who in 1924 used orchestral
sound to 'paint' an image of a great steam locomotive. Converse followed in
1927 with a score titled in full. Flivver
Ten Million: A Joyous Epic Inspired by the Familiar Legend "The Ten
Millionth Ford is Now Serving Its Owner." The term 'flivver' is
old American slang that was appropriated by the Ford Motor Company as a
nickname for its inexpensive, production-line automobiles. About the piece
Converse noted. "I set about it for my own amusement. I wondered what Mark
Twain would have done with such a theme if he had been a musician. He who wishes to express
American life or experience must include the saving grace of humor:
Flivver is scored as a series of eight musical
vignettes played without pause:
1 Dawn in Detroit (sunrise over the city)
2 The Call to Labor (the auto workers report
to work)
3 The Din of the Builders (factory noises)
4 The Birth of the Hero - He Tries His Metal (the
car wanders off into the great world in search of adventure)
5 May Night by the Roadside - America's Romance (love
music via solo violin)
6 The Joy Riders - America's Frolic (happy,
have-a great-time music)
7 The Collision -America's Tragedy (poignant,
sad intonations)
8 Phoenix Americanus - The hero, righted and shaken,
proceeds on his way with redoubled energy, typical of the indomitable spirit of
America. (great fun)
Quite early in his
career, Converse wrote two work, based on the exquisite poem Endymion by John Keats (1795-1821). Both
were set in the lyrical form of
the orchestral romance, the first completed in 1900 and titled Festival of Pan, Op.9. This was followed
in the spring of 1901 with Endymion's
Narrative, Op.10. About the latter
Converse wrote that the idea for the piece derived from a scene in
Keats' poem at the point where Endymion is withdrawn from the festival by his
anxious sister Peona, who leads him to a secluded place. There she divines the
source of her brother's sorrow and soothes him with sisterly affection.
Converse describes Endymion's despondency as "The struggle of a mind
possessed by an idea beyond the common view, and yet bound by affection and
devotion to conditions which confine and stifle its surging, internal impulses
- one of the most painful spiritual struggles to which a man is subject,
whether it be found in the life of an artist, a patriot or a martyr."
Keats wrote Endymion in 1817, set in four books of
about a thousand lines each. It is one of the most revered masterpieces in
English literature and begins with the celebrated lines:
A THING of beauty is a joy forever
Its loveliness increases; it will never
Pass into nothingness; but still will keep
A bower quiet for us, and a sleep
Full of sweet dreams,
and health, and quiet breathing.
Edward Yadzinski
Buffalo
Philharmonic Orchestra
The world-renowned
Buffalo Philharmonic was founded in 1934 and makes its home in Kleinhans Music
Hall, a National Historic Site with an international reputation as one of the
greatest concert halls in the United States. Through the decades the orchestra
has grown in stature under a number of distinguished conductors, including
Joseph Krips, Lukas Foss, Michael Tilson Thomas, and Semyon Bychkov. As
Buffalo's cultural ambassador, the Philharmonic has performed across the United
States and Canada, including concerts at Lincoln Center, Kennedy Center,
Boston's Symphony Hall, San Francisco's Davies Hall, Montreal's Place Des Arts, with more than twenty
appearances in Carnegie Hall. The Philharmonic also made two national tours
under the well-known Boston Pops conductor Arthur Fielder, as well as a highly
successful European tour in 1988 under Semyon Bychkov. Currently, the orchestra
presents more than a hundred concerts each year in Western New York.
JoAnn Falletta
Buffalo
Philharmonic Music Director JoAnn Falletta has been hailed by the >Los Angeles Times as "one of the
brightest stars of symphonic music in America," and by The New York Times as "one of the
finest conductors of her generation." Winner of the Stokowski, Toscanini,
and Bruno Walter conducting prizes, she has also received eight awards from the
American Society of Composers and Publishers (ASCAP). A champion of American
music, she was awarded the Columbia University Ditson Award, having presented
nearly three hundred works by American composers including over sixty world
premières. In addition to her post as Music Director of the Buffalo
Philharmonic, JoAnn Falletta is Music Director of the Virginia Symphony and
Music Advisor to the Long Beach Symphony. In great demand as a guest conductor,
she has been invited to conduct many of the world's great symphony orchestras,
including the Philadelphia Orchestra, the London Symphony Orchestra, the
Montreal Symphony Orchestra, the Houston Symphony, the National Symphony, the
St Paul Chamber Orchestra and the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra.