Edward Elgar (1857-1934) String Quartet in E minor, Op.83 Piano Quintet in A minor, Op. 84 "Everything good and nice and clean and fresh and sweet is...
Edward Elgar (1857-1934)
String Quartet in E minor, Op.83
Piano Quintet in A minor, Op. 84
"Everything good and nice and clean and fresh and sweet is far away - never to return" ...Elgar
'a Alice Stuart Wortley, 18th September, 1917.
The String Quartet and
Piano Quintet belong to the late autumn of Elgar's compositional
life. Wearied and depressed by the war years, his retreat to the Sussex cottage
"Brinkwells" revived his spirits, and this renewed but temporary
sense of well-being produced the three great chamber works and the Cello Concerto. Nothing further of
significance was penned before his death in 1934 and efforts to write a third
symphony remained as sketches.
Elgar's diary records him writing "E minor stuff" in April
1918 and it is significant that of the four works dating from this period,
three are in that key. Many
earlier attempts at a quartet never materialised. A D minor exposition appeared
in his 1878 sketch books and in 1907 there is reference in Lady Eigar's diary
to a quartet, but it was put aside in favour of work for the First Symphony. In a similar way,
after the completion of the first movement of the
E minor Quartet, the Violin Sonata took precedence and the work was
therefore completed in tandem with the Piano
Quintet.
The first movement of the String
Quartet is in 12/8 and the first subject is presented as an
ascending, questioning motif, followed by a typical sequential descending
passage in fourths. The second subject finds a more settled mood, but the
general feeling is of unrest and uncertainty, ending enigmatically with the
first half of the first subject seemingly hanging in the air. The slow movement, marked Piacevole, has a simple song-like melody
as its first theme, A complete contrast to the first movement, Alice Elgar
described it as "captured sunshine". Completed on Christmas Eve 1918,
the last movement is passionate and forceful. Elgar fulfilled a promise from
the early years of the century by dedicating the quartet to the Brodsky
Quartet, although the première was given by the British String Quartet.
The "reminiscence of sinister trees" (Alice Elgar) refers to
the partly programmatic element that pervades the Piano Quintet. The "sinister trees" were once
struck by lightning on ground above "Brinkwells", around which had
arisen the story (most likely invented by Elgar's friend Algernon Blackwell)
that they represented the dead forms of a settlement of Spanish monks, duly
punished for their "impious rites". The Moderato introduction of the first movement contrasts the
almost plainsong-like piano line with the ghostly interjections from the
strings. The following Allegro relentlessly
pursues a 6/8 motif until, after a pause, the "Spanish" second
subject is heard on the violins, accompanied by pizzicato chords in the manner
of a guitar. Both the plainsong first statement and the second subject have the
minor second of the Phrygian mode which further emphasizes a Moorish influence.
The radiant beauty of the Adagio begins
with a seamless melody for the viola -redolent with longing. It is significant
that this movement meant a great deal to Elgar. The cyclical nature of the work
continues through the last movement, beginning as it does with the direct
reference to the first movement introduction. A purposeful Allegro is heard on unison strings and the
A major conclusion banishes the occult inspired "ghostly-stuff" of
the first movement.
Both works received their first performance at the Wigmore Hall on 21st
May, 1919.
1997 by Andrew Walton.
Maggini Quartet
The Maggini Quartet, with Laurence Jackson and David Angel, violins,
Martin Outram, viola, and Michal Kaznowski, cello, was established in 1988 and
soon won international acclaim, with signal success in the United States and
the Far East, as well as in Europe. The quartet broadcasts regularly for the
BBC, appears in festivals and recitals and has a busy schedule in the recording
studio, with releases ranging from Haydn to Szymanowski, Frank Bridge and E.J.
Moeran. New music commissioned by the quartet includes work by the
Jamaican-born Eleanor Alberga. The quartet derives its name from the famous
early seventeenth century Brescian violin-maker Giovanni Paolo Maggini, an
example of whose work is played by David Angel. Laurence Jackson plays a
Flemish instrument of c.1720, Martin Outram an eighteenth century viola and
Michal Kaznowski a cello made in Salisbury in 1779 by the famous English maker,
Benjamin Banks.
Peter Donohoe
Peter Donohoe was born in Manchester and studied at the Royal Northern
College of Music and then in Paris with Yvonne Loriod, wife of the eminent
composer, the late Olivier Messiaen. Since his unprecedented success at the
1982 International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow, he has developed a
distinguished career in Europe, the USA and in the Far East. He appears
regularly with the major London orchestras and across Europe with orchestras
such as the Berlin Philharmonic, the Leipzig Gewandhaus and the Czech
Philharmonic. Peter Donohoe performs annually at the BBC Promenade Concerts and
has appeared at the Edinburgh Festival and at the Schleswig-Holstein Music
Festival. He also performs regularly in Australia, New Zealand and the Far
East. In the United States he has appeared with the Los Angeles Philharmonic
and also with the Chicago, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati and Detroit Symphony
Orchestras and the Cleveland Orchestra. He has won awards for his recording of
the Liszt Sonata (the Grand Prix International du Disque Liszt) and for his
recording of the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.2 (the Gramophone Concerto
award).