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Mozart: Bassoon Concerto / Oboe Concerto / Clarinet Concerto

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Mozart: Bassoon Concerto / Oboe Concerto / Clarinet Concerto

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791) Concerto in B Flat for Bassoon and Orchestra, K. 191 Concerto in C major for Oboe and Orchestra, K. 285d Concerto in A...

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791)

Concerto in B Flat for Bassoon and Orchestra, K. 191

Concerto in C major for Oboe and Orchestra, K. 285d

Concerto in A major for Clarinet and Orchestra, K. 622

The life of Mozart has recently attracted considerable attention, his character distorted to suit modern dramatic requirements and his contemporary achievement thereby belittled. The reality seems to have been rather different. While he may never, as an adult, have achieved the material position that he and his father regarded as his due, he nevertheless won considerable success during the last ten years of his life in Vienna, if never quite able to match the international acclaim that had greeted his appearance in the 1760s as a child prodigy.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg in 1756, the son of a court musician, Leopald Mozart, who in 1756 had published an important book on violin technique and who represented a new breed of musician in his breadth of interests and his association with distinguished writers and intellectuals of the day. Neither Leopald nor Wolfgang Mozart were ever to regard themselves as mere craftsmen, whatever the social exigencies of their profession.

In childhood Mozart and his elder sister, Nannerl, travelled widely, performing prodigious musical feats to the amazement of audiences throughout Europe. As an adolescent the harsher reality of life in Salzburg, under a much less congenial patron, Hieronymus Count von Colloredo, the new Archbishop, led to constant dissatisfaction. Opportunities in Salzburg were limited; there was no opera-house and provincial society lacked the allure of Vienna. In 1777 Mozart secured his dismissal from the archiepiscopal service to seek his fortune in Mannheim and Paris, an abortive expedition, during the course of which his mother, who had accompanied him to France, fell ill and died. The journey was a fateful one in that it brought Mozart into contact with the Webers, to be jilted by the eldest daughter of the family, who found a more profitable match. Later he was to marry a younger daughter, Constanze, a step that caused amazement to the Emperor, in view of the bride's lack of money, and consternation to Mozart's father for equally compelling reasons.

By the time of his marriage Mozart has escaped from the drudgery of Salzburg, where he had been re-employed on his return from Paris in 1778. In 1781 he had accompanied the Archbishop of Salzburg to Vienna, where he had finally and irrevocably quarrelled with his patron, after finding himself prevented from making full use of his abilities in the capital.

The final decade of Mozart's life in Vienna brought variable fame and popularity. His operas were successful, in general, and his Singspiel, The Magic Flute, was drawing enthusiastic audiences in 1791, as the composer lay dying in sudden illness that has been the subject of considerable imaginative speculation by later generations.

Mozart wrote a number of piano concertos, principally for his own use, violin concertos played in Salzburg, flute concertos on commission in Mannheim and horn concertos for his Salzburg friend Ignaz Leutgeb. Mozart wrote his only surviving bassoon concerto in Salzburg in 1774, possibly for Freiherr Thaddaeus von Duernitz, an enthusiastic amateur, for whom he later wrote a piano sonata, as well as three other concertos and a bassoon sonata. The concerto, again in three movements, makes splendid use of the solo instrument, with contrasts of register and the necessary elements of display.

C major Oboe Concerto in Salzburg in the spring or summer of 1777, before his autumn departure for Augsburg, designing it for the oboist Ferlendis, who had joined the Archbishop's musical establishment in April that year. In Mannheim, which he reached on 30th October, Mozart met the oboist Friedrich Ramm, a member of the famous court orchestra, and made him a present of the concerto. Ramm, as Mozart told his father, was delighted, and by February was performing it for the fifth time, now, in Mozart's words, his cheval de bataille Pressed for time in his subsequent commission for the amateur flautist De Jean, he arranged the oboe concerto for flute Mozart mentions the oboe concerto once more in a letter to his father written on 15th February 1783 from Vienna. Here he asks for the notebook containing the Ferlendis concerto, since he has been offered three ducats for it by the oboist of Haydn’s orchestra at Esterhaza, and twice that sum for a new concerto.

Oboe Concerto is scored for two oboes, two horns and strings and has ail the clarity of texture that we should expect Alter the orchestral exposition the soloist enters with a brief scale. leading to a sustained high note and the first solo theme.

The slow movement in F major, offers the oboe a sustained aria of great beauty and this is followed by a lively Rondo, into which the soloist leads the way.

His clarinet concerto in A major, K 622, was written for another friend, Anton Stadler, who had settled in Vienna in 1773 to become, with his younger brother, Johann Nepomuk, the first clarinettists to be employed by the Court Orchestra, in 1787.

Anton Stadler, who played second clarinet in the orchestra, made technical changes in the instrument to allow a downward ex1ension and it was for this so-called basset clarinet and for this player that Mozart wrote his concerto a month or so before his death in 1791. The clarinet itself, derived from the earlier single-reed chalumeau, had been developed from the beginning of the eighteenth century It was only towards the end of Mozart's life that it came to be accepted as a permanent element of the orchestra rather than as an occasional and optional substitute for the oboe.

Stepan Turnovsky

He was born in Prague in 1959, the son of conductor Martin Turnovsky. In 1958 he moved to Vienna with his father. From 1973 he studied at the Vienna Hochschuie f�r Musik with Prof. Karl �hlberger. In 1978 he joined the orchestra of the Vienna State Opera and the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra. Since 1985 he is solo bassoonist of both orchestras At the same time, he is teaching "Wind Chamber Music" at the Hochschule f�r Musik in Vienna.

As soloist he has performed in radio productions in Austria and internationally. As a member of the Vienna Blaserensemble and the Neues Wiener Oktett he is extremely active in the field of chamber music. He also was a member of the Concentus Musicus Vienna for many years.

Martin Gabriel

He was born in Vienna in 1956 as a son of musical parents After graduating from the Realgymnasium for Music Students in Vienna he received his diploma at the Vienna Musikhochschule with distinction. After an engagement as solo oboist with the Vienna Symphony Orchestra and with the Orchestra of the Vienna Volksoper he has been an oboist in the orchestra of the Vienna State Opera and of the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra since 1982. Since 1987 he has been a solo oboist of the Vienna Phiiharmonic. He frequently performs as a soloist and in chamber music ensembles in Vienna and inter nationally.

Ernst Ottensamer

Ernst Ottensamer was born in 1955 at Wallern in Upper Austria and studied the clarinet at the Bruckner Conservatory in Linz, before moving to Vienna Musikhochschuie, where he completed his studies in 1979. He first played with the Vienna State Opera and Vienna Phiiharmonic Orchestra in 1978, before becoming a principal clarinettist in 1983 Since 1986 he has also been a member of the teaching staff of the Vienna Musikhochschuie. Ernst Ottensamer enjoys a busy career as a founder-member of the Vienna Wind Ensemble, with which he has undertaken more than 150 engagements at home and abroad. He has appeared as a soloist with a number of leading orchestras in Vienna and performed the Weber E flat Concerto with the Vienna Philharmonic as part of the 1990 Salzburg Easter Festival.

Vienna Mozart Academy The Vienna Mozart Academy is a chamber orchestra formed by leading musicians from the principal orchestras in Vienna, the Vienna Philharmonic and the Vienna Symphony Orchestra. The Academy concentrates largely on the music of Mozart, while including other repertoire from the 18th and 19th centuries. Under the direction of Johannes Wildner, the orchestra continues the Viennese tradition and style of Mozart performance.

Johannes Wildner

Johannes Wildner was born in the Austrian resort of M�rzzuschlag in 1956 and studied violin and conducting, taking his diploma at the Vienna Musikhochschule and proceeding to a doctorate in musicology. A member of the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, Johannes Wildner has toured widely as leader of the Vienna Symphony Orchestra Johann Strauss Ensemble and of the Vienna Mozart Academy. As a conductor he has directed the Orchestra Sinfonica dell'Emilia Romagna Arturo Toscanini, the Budapest State Opera Orchestra, the Silesian Philharmonic and the Malmo Symphony Orchestra. He conducted performances of the Vienna Volksoper in the autumn of 1989 and has been invited to Japan, China, Denmark, Sweden, Poland and Italy.

Disc 1

Bassoon Concerto in B flat major, K. 191

(more info)

Performed by: Bratislava Mozart Academy Vienna Mozart Academy Capella Istropolitana Concertgebouw Chamber Orchestra Royal Philharmonic Orchestra Russian State Symphony Orchestra Concerto Koln Cologne Radio Symphony Orchestra
Composed by: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Dominique Roggen Dag Jensen
Conducted by: Nicholas Cleobury Henk Rubingh Richard Edlinger Johannes Wildner Valery Polyansky Werner Andreas Albert
Daniel Jemison, bassoon
Peter Hanzel, bassoon
Gustavo Nunez, bassoon
Valeri Popov, bassoon
Roland Froscher, euphonium
Stepan Turnovsky, bassoon
Lorenzo Alpert, bassoon
Recording date: July 1987

Oboe Concerto in C major, K. 271k / K. 314

(more info)

Performed by: Vienna Mozart Academy Moscow Chamber Orchestra Concertgebouw Chamber Orchestra City of London Sinfonia Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Composed by: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Conducted by: Nicholas Cleobury Henk Rubingh Richard Hickox Johannes Wildner Colin Davis Constantine Orbelian
Martin Gabriel, oboe
David Theodore,
John Anderson, cor anglais
Alexei Ogrintchouk, oboe
Allan Vogel, oboe
Francois Leleux, oboe

Clarinet Concerto in A major, K. 622

(more info)

Performed by: Collegium Musicum Basel Bratislava Mozart Academy Vienna Mozart Academy London Symphony Orchestra Capella Istropolitana Canadian National Arts Centre Orchestra Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra Academy of St. Martin in the Fields Orchestra Tapiola Sinfonietta Vienna Mozart Orchestra Concerto Koln Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra Mostly Mozart Orchestra New York Chamber Symphony
Composed by: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Neville Marriner
Conducted by: Simon Gaudenz Nicholas Cleobury John Storgards Franz-Paul Decker Richard Edlinger Konrad Leitner Martin Sieghart Johannes Wildner Gerard Schwarz Werner Erhardt Don Jackson
Michael Whight, clarinet
Andrew Marriner, clarinet
Sebastian Manz, clarinet
Jozef Luptacik, clarinet
Gerald Grunbacher, clarinet
Karin Dornbusch, clarinet
Ernst Ottensamer, clarinet
Kari Kriikku, clarinet
David Shifrin, clarinet
Pierre-Andre Taillard, clarinet
Cornelius Meister, piano
Elisabeth Depardieu, clarinet
James Campbell, clarinet

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Flash 9 required. Click to download.

Composer(s):
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus

Conductor(s):
Wildner, Johannes

Orchestra(s):
Vienna Mozart Academy

Artist(s):
Gabriel, Martin; Ottensamer, Ernst; Turnovsky, Stepan

Label: Naxos Classics
UPC: 730099534529
Item Number: 8550345
Release Date: Jul 2, 1990