Guerrero
Foundation Prizewinners
Ever since its
creation, the Jacinto & Inocencio Guerrero Foundation has followed the
wishes of its founder, Inocencio Guerrero, and devoted its efforts to fostering
the broadest possible spectrum of music, laying special stress on Spain's own
musical heritage. Figuring among the activities sponsored in this way, are a series
of competitions and awards that have earned wide international acclaim both for
the generosity of the prizes as welll as the acknowledged calibre of the
judging.
However, feeling
as they did that there was not one single prize for musical composition in
Spain which, in terms of prestige or prize-money, could rival those for
literature or art, four years ago the Foundation's Trustees decided to create a
major Spanish Music Prize to be awarded annually to a Spanish composer for his
work as a whole. The jury responsible for awarding this Prize is totally
independent of the Foundation and may freely consider any candidates put
forward by institutions and individuals enjoying a degree of prestige. The
Prize went to Joaquin Rodrigo in 1991, to Xavier Montsalvatge in 1992 and to
Anton Garcia Abril in 1993.
By way of
celebration, last year the Foundation held a concert dedicated to the first two
prizewinners; a vibrant tribute in which several of the musicians taking part
were actually prizewinning soloists who had triumphed in their sections in
competitions held by the Foundation. We now present the fruit of that
experience, a testimony to the first of many future such occasions, an event
which also featured the guitarist Alex Garrobe who played Rodrigo's Concierto
de Aranjuez, not included on this recording for technical reasons. To all
involved a heartfelt thank-you
Acisclo
Fernandez
President of
the Jacinto & Inocencio Guerrero Foundation
Joaquin Rodrigo
(b. 1901)
Zarabanda
lejana y Villancico
Xavier
Montsalvatge (b. 1912)
Concierto Breve
Sinfonia de
requiem
The Jacinto and
Inocencio Guerrero Foundation is proud to honour for their life-time achievement
in music two important Spanish composers, Joaquin Rodrigo and Xavier
Montsalvatge, the first a venerable maestro in his nineties and the second,
with a questing spirit that sets him apart from younger creative generations,
now into his eighties. The Foundation has for some years been holding
competitions for instrumentalists and now two former contestants, a singer and
a pianist, take part in the present programme, in a realisation of the aim of
the Foundation, to render service to Spanish music.
The programme
brings together music from very different eras. From the twenties comes Joaquin
Rodrigo's Zarabanda lejana y Villancico. Dating from 1985 is the Sinfonia
de requiem by Xavier Montsalvatge. Between the two lies the latter's Concierto
Breve.
Originally written
for guitar and piano, Rodrigo arranged his Zarabanda lejana and Villancico
for orchestra in 1929 for performance in Paris,
where it won immediate and lasting success. The work forms a harmonious whole,
marked by exquisite delicacy, its transitions displaying logical clarity. In
the Sarabande the dignity of the traditional dance, in all jts grave
nobility, is expressed, shifting to the more animated Villancico, each
piece complementing the other, so that it would be difficult to tell that the
two pieces had in fact been written as separate entities. The two pieces are
scored for strings.
Xavier
Montsalvatge is an artist whose intellectual curiosity and restlessness of
spirit have remained in part concealed by the modesty and lack of affectation
that have marked his various activities, as composer, teacher and critic. His Concierto
Breve was written in 1953 and was first performed in Barcelona at the Palau de la Musica by Alicia de Larrocha with
the conductor Louis de Froment. In his fascinating Papeles autobiograficos the
composer teIls how the work was originally submitted in a competition, where
the jury included the conductor Eduard Toldra, a musician much admired by
Montsalvatge and who professed reciprocal admiration for the composer's work,
but no prize was given. Shortly before his death, however, Toldra conducted the
concerto, the title of which can be justified neither on the grounds of length
or content. The concerto is lively and optimistic in mood, with brilliantly
scored dialogue between soloist and orchestra. It is in three movements, an allegro,
marked Energico , an andante, marked Dolce and a final
rapid Vivo, preceded by a cadenza requested by Alicia de Larrocha, to
whom the work is dedicated. The Concierto Breve was followed by other
works for solo instrument and orchestra, the Poema concertante for
violin and orchestra, the Concerto capriccio for harp and orchestra, the
Albayzin concerto for harpsichord, the guitar Metamorfosis de concierto
and the flute Serenata a Lydia de Cadaques.
Montsalvatge's Sinfonia
de requiem of 1985, a major orchestral work, written in 1985, is in direct
contrast. The idea is an original one. The composer has explained that he
wanted to lend shape in some way to a creation dictated by the Requiem Mass,
without having recourse to the Latin texts, basing himself not so much on the
religious substratum as on the expressive and dramatic eloquence of each of the
six prayers for the dead, limiting himself purposely so as to achieve a
wordless canticle of soothing tranquillity and hope. On earlier occasions he
had made use of religious and spiritual motifs and arguably the clearest
precedent can be found in his Cinco Invocaciones al Crucificado of 1969,
commissioned by the Cuenca Religious Music Weeks Festival and its director,
Antonio Iglesias, and based on medieval poems. There is also his 1960 piece Cant
espiritual, his only cantata, with lyrics written by Maragall.
The Sinfonia de
requiem was commissioned by the Ministry for Cultural Affairs and completed
in 1985, European Music Year, the year in which Montsalvatge was awarded the
National Music prize. The work was first performed at the International
Festival of Contemporary Music in Alicante. The
composer has explained again how, instead of approaching the strictly religious
or liturgical sense of the Mass, he set himself the task of drawing forth from
its very essence the most profound and vividly expressive feelings, ranging
from the pathetic to the sublime, relying solelyon the orchestra, dispensing
with vocal polyphony and employing only the closing words, intoned by a
soprano: Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine. Amen. Despite being a purely
symphonic, elegiac, funereal act, each of the six invocations that succeed one
another in the work, without any formally contrived continuity, affirms the
sentiment emanating from the Latin texts: the serenity of the Introitus and
plaintive Kyrie merging into the tense awe of the Dies irae, contrasting
with the smooth aesthetic gloss of the Agnus Dei, surfacing into the
dazzling daylight of the Lux aeterna and ultimately leading to the
closing Libera me, a wordless canticle of entreaty and hope.
It would be
difficult to add anything to the composer's own description of the work, a
clear masterpiece, imbued with a deep vein of humanism, the product of a mature
artist at his best. In a world where settings of the Requiem abound in all
their variety, it is this one, stripped of words, that would appear to have
appropriated for the universal language of music the privilege of expressing an
unshakeable avowal of burgeoning spirituality.
Antonio
Fernandez-Cid
(English
version by Michael Benedict)