Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791) Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525 Allegro Romance: Andante Menuetto: Allegretto Rondo: Allegro Serenata Notturna, K. 239...
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791)
Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525
Allegro
Romance: Andante
Menuetto: Allegretto
Rondo: Allegro
Serenata Notturna, K. 239
Marcia: Maestoso
Menuetto
Rondeau: Allegretto -Adagio -Allegro
Divertimento in F, K. 247 "Lodron Night
Music No.1"
Allegro
Andante grazioso
Menuetto
Adagio
Menuetto
Allegro assai
As a child Mozart had enjoyed phenomenal
success, travelling through Europe and, with his sister Nannerl, performing for
kings and queens, the nobility and others able to afford the spectacle. His
father Leopold Mozart, Vice-Kapellmeister to the Archbishop of Salzburg, had
taken good care of his only surviving son's education and musical training, and
had managed his career at the expense of his own.
In December 1771 the Mozart's patron, the
Archbishop, had died and was succeeded early in the following year by a less
sympathetic churchman, the reformist Count Hieronymus von Colloredo, a son of
the Imperial Vice-Chancellor. The new Archbishop shared the feelings of the
Imperial family on the activities of the Mozarts, who seemed to bring no credit
on their employers by "travelling around like beggars". The concert
tours that had brought some profit and distinction to the family were to be
curtailed, and Mozart was for a few years to be more or less confined to the
narrow limits of Salzburg, in a position that he and his father found quite
unworthy of his genius.
Nevertheless in Salzburg there was work to be
done, music to be written and played. In 1777 Mozart was to set out,
accompanied only by his mother, to seek his fortune in Mannheim and in Paris,
an abortive journey, during the course of which his mother died. Mannheim in
particular, with its virtuoso orchestra, provided a stimulus to his work.
Before this, however, Salzburg had provided the occasion for a number of
compositions, including the Serenata Notturna and the two Divertimenti
sometimes known as the Lodron Nightmusic, occasional pieces to celebrate the
name-day in 1776 and 1777 of Countess Antonia Lodron on 13th June. The
Countess, born Arco, a name we meet in the accounts of Mozart's later dismissal
from the Archbishop's service in 1781, was the wife of the hereditary marshal
of the court, and a leading patroness of music in Salzburg. The Mozarts were on
visiting terms, however deferentially, and Leopold Mozart and his son had
joined the Lodron's party at a fancy dress ball in February, 1776, Leopold
Mozart as a porter and his son as a barber's boy.
It was during the winter that Mozart had written
the Serenata Notturna, K. 239, completed in January, 1776, and clearly designed
for some Salzburg social occasion. The work is scored for a concerti no of
single strings, two violins, a viola and a double bass, and a body of ripieno
strings and timpani, an arrangement which, bar the drums, must remind us of the
form of the Baroque concerto grosso.
The first movement of the Serenata is a stately
March, in which the smaller and larger groups of instruments are contrasted.
There follows a Minuet, and a Trio played by the concertino, leading, after the
repetition of the Minuet, to a final Rondo that includes episodes of possible
topical reference. Within the framework of the repeated principal theme comes a
solemn Adagio, the music of a country dance and a brief and unexpected plucking
of strings, before the lively conclusion.
The Divertimento in F is scored for two horns
and strings, and was completed in June, 1776, for Countess Antonia Lodron's
name-day It starts with a lively movement in all the clarity of classical first
movement form. This is followed by a C major Andante grazioso and a first
Minuet returning to the key of F, with a contrasting D minor Trio.
The next movement, marked Adagio and in the key
of B flat, is scored only for strings, the first violin taking the lead. The
second Minuet, in F, with a B flat Trio for the strings alone, leads to a final
movement with a slow introduction and a varied concluding rondo, all well
suited to the occasion of the composition
Eine kleine Nachtmusik, the Serenada in G, K
525, comes from a later period of Mozart's life. In 1781 Mozart, who had
returned from Mannheim and Paris to the service of the Archbishop of Salzburg,
accompanied his patron on a visit to the Imperial capital, Vienna. There he
finally broke with his employer and secured his dismissal from the
archiepiscopal court. In Vienna there seemed every opportunity, which it seemed
his patron was deliberately preventing him from seizing.
The last ten years of Mozart's life were spent
in Vienna, without the presence of his father to guide him and without the kind
of secure patronage that he had hoped to gain at court. An imprudent marriage
brought its own difficulties, but Mozart, nevertheless, won some immediate
acclaim, both in the theatre and as a performer on the fortepiano, popularity
which waned, but had begun to revive at the time of his sudden death in
December, 1791.
Eine kleine Nachtmusik was written in August,
1787, a few months after the death of Leopold Mozart in Salzburg, while Mozart was
preparing his new opera, Don Giovanni, for performance in Prague The occasion
of its composition is unknown, but the work would have been suitable for
domestic performance. Originally including a first Minuet, now lost, the
Serenade opens with music as lucid and cheerful as anything Mozart wrote,
followed by a Romance of charm and ingenuity, a spry Minuet and a final Rondo,
a conclusion to the remarkable series of Serenades and Divertimenti on which
Mozart had embarked twenty years before, as a ten-year-old.
Capella Istropolitana (Slovak Philharmonic
Chamber Orchestra)
The Capella Istropolitana is a chamber orchestra
formed by leading members of the Slovak Philharmonic Orchestra in Bratislava.
Founded in 1983, the chamber orchestra allows the players, many of them
experienced soloists, to playas chamber musicians. Much of the work of the
orchestra has been concentrated on the recording studio.
Wolfgang Sobotka
The Austrian conductor Wolfgang Sobotka was born
in 1956 at Waidhofen, where he has for a number of years been leader of the
Waidhofen Baroque Ensemble and conductor of the Waidhofen Chamber Orchestra.
Trained as a cellist, he has been involved in the training of cellists in the
Lower Austrian Youth Orchestra, and since 1983 has been conductor at the
Bruckner Conservatory in 1986 Woifgang Sobotka took part in the International
Arturo Toscanini Conductor's Competition and was a finalist in the Biel
International Master Course for Conductors.