Karl Goldmark (1830 - 1915) Overture: Im Frühling (In the Spring), Op. 36 Landliche Hochzeit (Rustic Wedding), Op. 26 Hochzeitsmarsch (Wedding March):...
Karl Goldmark (1830 - 1915)
Overture: Im Frühling (In the Spring), Op. 36
Landliche Hochzeit (Rustic Wedding), Op. 26
Hochzeitsmarsch (Wedding March): Variations
Brautlied (Bridal Song): Intermezzo
Serenade: Scherzo
Im Garten (In the Garden): Andante
Tanz (Dance): Finale
Overture: In Italien (In Italy), Op. 49
Karl Goldmark was born in the Hungarian town of Keszthely in
1830, three years before the birth of Brahms in Hamburg, and died in Vienna in 1915 four
years after the death of Mahler, three years before the death of Debussy. His career
spanned a long period of great musical change, although he remained himself firmly in the
tradition of Mendelssohn, tempered by the influence of Wagner and Liszt. He was one of a
family of twenty , familiar from childhood with the music of the countryside and of the
synagogue. The size of the family and the modest resources of his father deprived him of a
consistent education and he had his first instruction on the violin from a local choir
member in 1841 in Deutsch-Kreuz, where his family had settled in 1834. In 1842 he
continued his music studies in the nearby town of Ödenburg and two years later was sent
by his father to Vienna, where he was able to study for some eighteen months with Jansa
before lack of money compelled cessation of this course, leaving him to teach himself in
preparation for entry first to the Vienna Technical School and then to the Conservatory to
study the violin with Joseph Bohm. The disturbances of1848 and the temporary closure of
the Conservatory brought a return to Deutsch-Kreuz and work in the theatre orchestra in
Ödenburg, followed in 1851 by similar employrnent in Vienna at the Josefstadt Theatre and
later at the Carlstheater. Here he acquired a thorough practical knowledge of theatre music that was of use to him in his own
work as a composer.
Goldmark's first concert of his own compositions in Vienna in
1858 was not well received, inducing him to move to Budapest, where he supported himself
by teaching, while studying traditional textbooks on the techniques of composition and the
music of Bach, Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. By 1860 he was again in Vienna, where he won
success with his Opus 8 string quartet and began to establish himself as a music critic
and fervent supporter of the cause of Wagner . His importance as a composer was fully
established with his Overture Sakuntala in 1865, reinforced ten years later by the most
significant of his operas, Die Konigin von Saba (The Queen of Sheba). Official honours in
Vienna and Budapest confirmed his leading position in the musical world of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire, an eminence acknowledged also in Italy, where DieKonigin von
Sabawon immediate popularity. His later operas include Merlin, Das Heimchen am Herd (The
Cricket on the Hearth), based on Dickens, Die Kriegsgefangene (Briseis) (The Prisoner of
War), Gotz von Berlichingen, after Goethe, and, with greater success, Ein Wintermarchen
(A Winter's Tale), from Shakespeare. In orchestral repertoire his works include two
symphonies and two symphonic poems, with a number of concert overtures, while his A minor
Violin Concerto retains a place in modern repertoire.
Goldmark's Landliche Hochzeit (Rustic Wedding), a symphonic
poem rather than a symphony in its programmatic content, although it retains more or less
the traditional structure of the latter form, with an additional Intermezzo as second
movement, is an attractive and approachable work. It opens with Wedding March Variations,
the simple theme, with familiar musical connotations, announced at the outset by the lower
strings, to betaken up by the wind in the first variation. The strings provide a more
lyrical second variation, leading to a cheerful outburst of sound from the brass and to a
more melancholy version of the material, replaced by a livelier contrapuntal treatment of
the theme by the whole orchestra and a still rapider scherzando variation. This is
followed by a dramatic minor key version of the melody, followed by a variation with a
running string counterpoint, relaxing into gentler lyricism in the variation that follows.
The ingenious treatments of the simple material continue with a running variation for the
violins, succeeded by a more ponderous return to the minor and a version in which the
woodwind has a significant part to play, with a solo violin. A brief fanfare heralds the
return of the original Wedding March and the theme is entrusted yet again to the lower
strings. The second movement Intermezzo, a bridal song, is tender and lyrical and is
followed by a scherzo, a village Serenade that has more of the spirit of the latter,
whatever its structure, with its solemn dance rhythms over a drone bass in contrast to its
other material. The slow movement, Im Garten (In the Garden) suggests more than a mere
marriage of convenience, brokered by some village match-maker, and the symphonic poem ends
with a final Dance, its fugal opening combining rustic festivities with symphonic
tradition, while its reminiscences of what has passed confirm the unity of the whole work.
The Overture In Italien was issued in 1904. It starts with a
burst of vivacious energy, relaxing into a lilting dance and later into lyrical
tenderness, with the help of a solo violin. This is interrupted by are turn to the
cheerful jollity of the opening and the swing of the dance. The Overture Im Frühling (In
the Spring), written in 1888and published the following year, opens with an evocative
violin melody, to which livelier material provides a contrast in a generally gentle
celebration of the season in which the lark ascends to the heights before a robust
conclusion.
National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland
The RTÉ Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1947 as part of the
Radio and Television service in Ireland. With its membership coming from France, Germany,
Britain, Italy, Hungary , Poland and Russia, it drew together a rich blend of European
culture. Apart from its many symphony concerts, the orchestra came to world-wide attention
with its participation in the famous Wexford Opera Festival, an event broadcast in many
parts of the world. The orchestra now enjoys the facilities of a fine new concert hall in
central Dublin where it performs with the world's leading conductors and soloists. In 1990
the RTÉ Symphony Orchestra was augmented and renamed the National Symphony Orchestra of
Ireland, quickly establishing itself as one of Europe's most adventurous orchestras with
programmes featuring many twentieth century compositions. The orchestra has now embarked
upon an extensive recording project for the Naxos and Marco Polo labels and will record
music by Nielsen, Tchaikovsky, Goldmark, Rachmaninov, Brian and Scriabin.
Stephen Gunzenhauser
Stephen Gunzenhauser, a graduate of Oberlin College and the New
England Conservatory, served Igor Markevich and Leopold Stokowski as assistant conductor
before becoming executive and artistic director of the Wilmington Music School in 1974. In
1979, he became conductor and music director of the Delaware Symphony Orchestra. He
records exclusively for Naxos and Marco Polo and his recordings include works of Schumann,
Tchaikovsky, Dvorak, Vivaldi, Mozart, Glière, and Liadov. In 1989/90 he recorded all
nine Dvorak symphonies with the Slovak Phi1harmonic, as well as the three Borodin
symphonies with the Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra.