Nikos Mamangakis: Folk Dance Suite Igor Stravinsky: Three Movements from The Soldiers' Tale (arr. Mamangakis) Roland Dyens: Saudade No. 3; Tango en skaï...
Nikos Mamangakis: Folk
Dance Suite
Igor Stravinsky: Three
Movements from The Soldiers' Tale (arr. Mamangakis)
Roland Dyens: Saudade
No. 3; Tango en skaï
Nikita Koshkin: Usher
Waltz
Mikis Theodorakis: Two
Songs from "Lyricotera": Dissolving Light, Sob of Angels (arr.
Papandreou)
Nikos Mamangakis:
Hroes
Vangelis Boudounis:
Eight Summaries; Tsifteteli for Elena; Cocktail
The Greeks are said to have a word for it; the word 'guitar' may even
have been derived from the Greek kithara, though they applied it to a form
of lyre, and they also have the music for it, a variety of which is included in
this recording. The rest is by composers from countries that have not been
traditionally associated with the Guitar.
Nikos Mamangakis was born in Crete to a family of folk musicians and his
formal studies in music were in Athens and Germany. His prolific output
includes music for many media and embraces a wide range of compositional
styles; he is resistant to received conventions and is well known and respected
for his originality of thought and musical deed. The items in the Folk Suite
bear the titles of folk-songs, usually accompanied by various instruments,
but Mamangakis comments: "All modern Greek folk-music, rebetica songs, was
composed on either the guitar or bouzouki and passed afterwards to other
instruments. The guitar has thus played a leading rôle in this music". Hroes
is one of a group of solo-instrumental pieces. It is strictly improvised
music which eschews "monolithic musical tendencies". Mamangakis adds:
"Hroes is a word that was used a great deal in ancient Greek and
Byzantine music It signifies nuances - in these pieces, of colour".
When Igor Stravinsky asked Andrès Segovia why he had never asked him to
write for the guitar, he was told: "Because I do not want to insult your
music by not playing it!" That his view is not shared by everyone, is
happily shown in the arrangement of three pieces from Stravinsky's The
Soldier's Tale (written for three narrators, female dancer and chamber
orchestra) by Mamangakis, who at the same time demonstrates his own excellent
knowledge of the guitar's capabilities.
The Tunisian-born French guitarist/composer Roland Dyens formally
studied the guitar, composition and orchestration in Paris, since when he has
developed a highly successful international career and a reputation for the
originality of his compositions. His fascination with Latin American music is,
given his background, curious, but stimulating Saudude No. 3 ('Longing')
is subtitled Lembrança do Senhor do Banfim da Bahia ('Remembrance of
Senhor Bonfim, a saint whose festival is celebrated annually in the streets of
Bahia'), a "kind of homage to Brazilian Nordeste (northeast) and its
African culture". The opening section, Rituel, is a very free,
unmeasured improvisation, the second is a dance in the baiao rhythm
typical of Bahia, and the Finale is "maybe my vision of this
folk-music". Tango en Skaï began in 1978 as an improvisation
but was not published until 1985, since when it has become a regular part of
the repertory. It is a caricature of the Argentine tango; as Dyens himself
says: "Skaï in French means imitation leather, maybe worse than bad
plastic! It has to be played with a lot of humour, a maximum of dynamics and a
minimum of ruhato. Not at all 'classico-seriously'!".
Nikita Koshkin showed an early interest in music - when he was four his
favourite composers were Shostakovich and Stravinsky, but he did not begin to
study music and the guitar until he was fourteen. It was in the early 1980s
that he first became internationally known for his suite The Prince's Toys, revealing
himself as a composer who responds strongly to extra-musical programmatic
images, and is unusually inventive in creating idiomatic effects, which he
skilfully brings to the service of his music. Since 1990 he has been able to
visit many other countries on both sides of the Atlantic. It was the thought:
"The piano has concert-scale waltzes like Listz's Mephisto Waltz, why
shouldn't the guitar have one" that prompted the composition of the Usher
Waltz. It is of course Usher, the fall of whose House was recorded by Edgar
Allan Poe. He writes: "The romantic-stylized theme receives a mighty
dramatic development and reflects not only Usher's (crazy) way of playing the
guitar and his increasing madness, but the mood of the story as a whole. The
piece ends in a gloomy and tired coda".
The Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis had little formal education in
music before the end of his compulsory military service in 1954, when he went
to study at the Paris Conservatoire. When he returned to Greece, after the
production of his opera Antigone at Covent Garden, he wrote a scathing
attack on the Greek musical establishment, and the popular success of his
revolutionary; musical doctrines led to his imprisonment by the right-wing
military junta in 1967; international protest at his plight brought about his
release in 1970. Much of his music is concerned with historical and
contemporary Greek subjects, and arrangements of some pieces were recorded by
John Williams in the 1970s. Elena Papandreou's arrangements of two items from
the song-cycle Lyricotera were made at the composers' suggestion.
Vangelis Boudounis studied the guitar in his native Athens and later in
Spain, Italy and Canada, though he regards Manos Hadjidakis, with whom he
worked from 1975, as "the most significant" teacher he ever had. He
has enjoyed considerable success as a player, composer and teacher in many
countries. Regarding the pieces on this recording he says: "What
predominates is rhythm that often starts from rock music but is later disturbed
by odd bars of 5/8, 7/8 and 9/8, which are often met in Greek folk music".
The Eight Summaries seem to tell little stories briefly and without
development. "The traditional Tsifteteli is a dance in duple time
(2/4, 4/4) but the Tsifteteli for Elena was not composed for dancing; it
begins in 4/4 time, but before long many different times appear, which may be
difficult for a musician brought up with West-European culture. There are also
unmeasured parts that give the player the opportunity to treat them freely. The
initial 4/4 time reappears at the end". Cocktail was written at a
time when Boudounis wanted to escape from his then conservative way of playing.
Like Dyens' Tango en Skaï, it was first improvised in concert and later
written down. Thus, though its structure is very clear, it retains spontaneity
and an improvisatory character.
John W. Duarte