English String
Miniatures
English composers have had a strong empathy for string
ensembles from Elizabethan times, whether it be in the works for viol consorts,
the fantasias of Purcell, the
Italianate Op.6 Concerti grossi of Handel, the suites of Parry,
Elgar's Serenade and Introduction and
Allegro, Holst's St. Paul's and Brook Green
suites, up to nearer our own time, with Britten's Simple Symphony and Bridge Variations and Tippett's Corelli Fantasia. The works presented here were
written between the 1930s and 1970s, and can be viewed very much as part of
this great tradition.
Despite his prolific choral writing, the instrumental
output of John Rutter (b.1945) has been comparatively
small. This suite, based on English folksongs was published in 1973, but has been
somewhat overshadowed by his ubiquitous carols and settings of the classic
texts of the Gloria and Requiem. In addition to the eponymous
folksong of each movement there are additional counter-tunes in the outer ones -
I sowed the seeds of love in the first,
and The Bailiff's Daughter of Islington in the Handelian
finale.
Charles Wilfrid Orr (1893-1976)
was almost exclusively a composer of songs, mostly settings of A. E. Houseman.
The one exception is this Cotswold
Hill-Tune, published in 1939 and dedicated to Eugene Goossens.
Stylistically it is very much in homage to Delius but
Orr steps out of his 'shadow' sufficiently often during the piece to reveal a
more personal voice.
George Melachrino (1909-1976)
was a child prodigy on the violin, and earned a living in various dance bands
of the 1930s. During the Second World War he was the British equivalent of
Glenn Miller, gaining the title 'the sentimental Sergeant-Major' as the head of
a fifty-piece orchestra. After the War, he became one of the leading recording
artists of the day with a string of best-selling albums with his Melachrino Orchestra. His training as a string player is
very much in evidence in Les jeux (The games), the first of a set of pieces for
strings relating to everyday living. The music is anything but 'everyday' with
its clever marriage of skittish good fun and emotional lyricism.
Peter Dodd (b.1930) has spent much of his working life in
a variety of posts in the music department of the BBC. This treatment of the traditional
Irish folk tune, The Lark in the clear Air,
was published in 1971 and catches perfectly its subject in deceptively simple
terms without ever lapsing into the routine or predictable.
The name of Cecil Armstrong Gibbs (1889-1960) is these
days associated with songs and partsongs - Song of Shadows, and Five Eyes amongst them, and Dusk, one of those handful of pieces
better known when heard than when referred to. However, he wrote concertos and several
symphonies (Symphonies Nos. 1 & 3
are available on Marco Polo 8.223553) in a productive career. Yet it is
probably as a miniaturist that his reputation will stand, and so his Miniature Dance Suite is particularly representative
in its gentle mockery of eighteenth century and earlier models designed
initially for amateurs, but, like Holst's St Paul's Suite et al., not out of place
in loftier circles.
Frank Cordell (1918-80) was one of the most highly
respected arrangers in London after
the War, with hundreds of discs to his name, as musical director for numerous
recording artists of the 1950s. However, he also happened to be a talented
composer in his own right, and showed his worth in such films as Khartoum (with a main theme rivalling Elgar) and Cromwell. From this score, he adapted
some of the music associated with the character of King Charles I (played in
the film by Alec Guinness) for this Galliard
for strings - very much a parody of the music of the time, but in the last bars
belying its true vintage with some Warlockian
chromatic harmonization.
The Short Suite
by David Lyon (b.1938) was written in 1971, and although designed primarily as
'entertainment' music, nevertheless deploys various technical devices to engage
the ear at a slightly deeper level. Rustic
Dance begins with a simple folk-like tune that quickly develops rhythmic
hiccups, while the Gavotte pays unblushing
tribute to Prokofiev. In the cool, slightly bluesy Aria there are brief passages for solo viola and violin, while the
scampering Moto perpetuo
develops two themes, the second of which effectively alternates between 3/4 and
6/8.
Roy Douglas (b. 1908) has been an orchestral player,
composer and orchestrator. His version of Les Sylphides,
for example, is first choice for most ballet and record companies worldwide. From
1947 to 1958 he was a valued assistant and friend to Ralph Vaughan Williams,
about whom he wrote illuminatingly in a later book. His original works are
mainly for orchestra or unusual chamber groups. This Cantilena, written in 1957, begins with a long serenely flowing
tune, which is later contrasted with more 'disturbing' passages.
Philip Lane
(b.1950) wrote his Pantomime for
strings while an undergraduate in 1971. The title is used in its light-hearted,
entertaining sense, and the three short movements are designed to be succinct
and not to outstay their welcome.
Philip Lane